The Effects of Secondary Growth of Spartina alterniflora after Treatment on Sediment Microorganisms in the Yellow River Delta

Shuai Shang; Liangyu Li; Zaiwang Zhang; Yu Zang; Jun Chen; Jun Wang; Tao Wu; Jiangbao Xia; Xuexi Tang

doi:10.3390/microorganisms10091722

The Effects of Secondary Growth of Spartina alterniflora after Treatment on Sediment Microorganisms in the Yellow River Delta

Microorganisms. 2022 Aug 26;10(9):1722. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10091722.

Authors

Shuai Shang^{1

2}, Liangyu Li², Zaiwang Zhang¹, Yu Zang³, Jun Chen², Jun Wang¹, Tao Wu¹, Jiangbao Xia^{1

4}, Xuexi Tang²

Affiliations

¹ School of Biological & Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China.
² College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266005, China.
³ Department of Natural Resources, First Institute of Oceanography, Qingdao 266100, China.
⁴ Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China.

Abstract

As a typical invasive species, Spartina alterniflora is widely recognized as one of the primary threats to biodiversity in various habitats, including wetlands. Although the invasion by S. alterniflora has been managed in multiple ways, it may reappear after treatment. How S. alterniflora affects the soil microbial community in coastal wetlands during its regeneration process has not yet been clarified. Here, rhizosphere soil samples (RSPs) and bulk soil samples (SSPs) were collected in the S. alterniflora community and a high-throughput sequencing method was conducted to analyze the composition and diversity of soil microorganisms. Meanwhile, we also obtain the soil physicochemical properties. In the present study, there was no significant difference in the alpha diversity of both bacterial and fungal communities in the SSP and RSP groups. The PCoA (principal coordinate analysis) also showed that the microbial community structure did not differ significantly between the SSP and RSP groups. The results showed that except for pH, the total sulfur (TS) content, total nitrogen (TN) content, and electrical conductivity (EC) did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between the SSP and RSP groups. The composition of the bacterial and fungal community in the rhizosphere of S. alterniflora was similar to that found in the surrounding soils. The top two dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria and Desulfobacterota in the present study. Venn diagram results also support this view; most OTUs belong to the common OTUs of the two groups, and the proportion of unique OTUs is relatively small. The LEfSe (LDA effect size) analysis showed that Campylobacterota (at the phylum level) and Sulfurimonas (at the genus level) significantly increased in the RSP group, implying that the increased Sulfurimonas might play an essential role in the invasion by S. alterniflora during the under-water period. Overall, these results suggest that the bacterial and fungal communities were not significantly affected by the S. alterniflora invasion due to the short invasion time.

Keywords: Spartina alterniflora; Yellow River Delta; bacterial community; fungal community; intertidal wetlands.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2021QD082), the NSFC-Shandong Joint Found (No. U1806213), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42176154), and the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province, China (No. TSQN201909152).