Methanol Extract of Commelina Plant Inhibits Oral Cancer Cell Proliferation

Wangta Liu; Yin-Yin Hsu; Jen-Yang Tang; Yuan-Bin Cheng; Ya-Ting Chuang; Jiiang-Huei Jeng; Chia-Hung Yen; Hsueh-Wei Chang

doi:10.3390/antiox11091813

Methanol Extract of Commelina Plant Inhibits Oral Cancer Cell Proliferation

Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Sep 14;11(9):1813. doi: 10.3390/antiox11091813.

Authors

Wangta Liu¹, Yin-Yin Hsu², Jen-Yang Tang^{3

4}, Yuan-Bin Cheng⁵, Ya-Ting Chuang², Jiiang-Huei Jeng^{6

7

8}, Chia-Hung Yen^{9

10}, Hsueh-Wei Chang^{11

12

13

14}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
² Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
³ School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
⁵ Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
⁶ School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
⁷ Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
⁸ Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan.
⁹ Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
¹⁰ National Natural Product Libraries and High-Throughput Screening Core Facility, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
¹¹ Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD Program in Life Science, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
¹² Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
¹³ Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
¹⁴ Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.

Abstract

Data regarding the effects of crude extract of Commelina plants in oral cancer treatment are scarce. This present study aimed to assess the proliferation-modulating effects of the Commelina sp. (MECO) methanol extract on oral cancer cells in culture, Ca9-22, and CAL 27. MECO suppressed viability to a greater extent in oral cancer cells than in normal cells. MECO also induced more annexin V, apoptosis, and caspase signaling for caspases 3/8/9 in oral cancer cells. The preferential antiproliferation and apoptosis were associated with cellular and mitochondrial oxidative stress in oral cancer cells. Moreover, MECO also preferentially induced DNA damage in oral cancer cells by elevating γH2AX and 8-hydroxyl-2'-deoxyguanosine. The oxidative stress scavengers N-acetylcysteine or MitoTEMPO reverted these preferential antiproliferation mechanisms. It can be concluded that MECO is a natural product with preferential antiproliferation effects and exhibits an oxidative stress-associated mechanism in oral cancer cells.

Keywords: Commelina; DNA damage; apoptosis; oral cancer.

Abstract

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