Coinfections of African swine fever virus, porcine circovirus 2 and 3, and porcine parvovirus 1 in swine in Nigeria

Pam Dachung Luka; Adeyinka Jeremy Adedeji; Anvou R Jambol; Isioma V Ifende; Helen G Luka; Nyam D Choji; Rebecca Weka; Tirumala B K Settypalli; Jenna E Achenbach; Giovanni Cattoli; Charles E Lamien; Umberto Molini; Giovanni Franzo; William G Dundon

doi:10.1007/s00705-022-05593-6

Coinfections of African swine fever virus, porcine circovirus 2 and 3, and porcine parvovirus 1 in swine in Nigeria

Arch Virol. 2022 Dec;167(12):2715-2722. doi: 10.1007/s00705-022-05593-6. Epub 2022 Sep 22.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ National Veterinary Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria.
² Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Division, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria.
³ Battelle Memorial Institute, Charlottesville, Virgina, USA.
⁴ School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Neudamm Campus, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia.
⁵ Central Veterinary Laboratory (CVL), 24 Goethe Street, Private Bag 18137, Windhoek, Namibia.
⁶ Dept. of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Legnaro, viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Padova, Italy.
⁷ Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Division, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria. w.dundon@iaea.org.
⁸ Animal Production and Health Laboratory, IAEA, Friedenstrasse, 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria. w.dundon@iaea.org.

PMID: 36138234
DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05593-6

Abstract

As pig production increases in Africa, it is essential to identify the pathogens that are circulating in the swine population to assess pig welfare and implement targeted control measures. For this reason, DNA samples collected from pigs in Nigeria in the context of African swine fever monitoring were further screened by PCR for porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2), porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3), and porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1). Forty-seven (45%) pigs were positive for two or more pathogens. Sequence analysis identified PCV-2 genotypes a, b, and d, while limited genetic heterogenicity was observed among PCV-3 strains. All except one of the PPV1 sequences were genetically distinct from those previously identified in other countries.

Keywords: African swine fever; Nigeria; coinfection; porcine circovirus; porcine parvovirus; swine.

MeSH terms

African Swine Fever Virus* / genetics
African Swine Fever*
Animals
Circoviridae Infections* / epidemiology
Circoviridae Infections* / veterinary
Circovirus* / genetics
Coinfection* / epidemiology
Coinfection* / veterinary
Nigeria / epidemiology
Parvovirus, Porcine* / genetics
Swine
Swine Diseases* / epidemiology