Purpose: To observe the effect of non-bracket invisible appliance and self-locking bracket appliance on periodontal health and subgingival flora in patients with periodontitis.
Methods: One hundred and ten patients with periodontitis who received orthodontic treatment were divided into invisible group and self-locking bracket group. The periodontal index including probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), sulcular bleeding index (SBI) and plaque index (PLI) ，and the levels of inflammatory factors in the gingival crevicular fluid were examined. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate periodontal pain before and after correction, and the curative effect was evaluated. The status of common pathogenic bacteria in the subgingival plaque of patients after correction was detected by PCR. The data were analyzed with SPSS19.0 software package.
Results: Twelve months after treatment and at the end of treatment, PLI of the self-locking bracket group was significantly higher than the invisible group(P＜0.05), but PD, GI and SBI between the two groups had no significant difference. After correction, the inflammatory factors in the invisible group were significantly lower than those in the self-locking bracket group(P＜0.05). At 1d after treatment, pain index in the invisible group was significantly lower than the self-locking group(P＜0.05). The clinical total effective rate of the invisible group was significantly higher than the self-locking group (89.10% vs 76.36%). After treatment, the detection rate and the content of subgingival pathogenic bacteria in the self-locking bracket group were significantly higher than the invisible group(P＜0.05).
Conclusions: During orthodontic treatment of periodontitis, wearing non-bracket invisible appliance can effectively inhibit inflammatory response and proliferation of subgingival pathogens, which is more conducive to the maintenance of periodontal health and oral hygiene.