Assessment of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities of Sisymbrium officinale plant extract

Mahmoud Khalid; Mousa Amayreh; Saadi Sanduka; Zaidoun Salah; Fuad Al-Rimawi; Ghassab M Al-Mazaideh; Abdulkareem A Alanezi; Fadel Wedian; Fawaz Alasmari; Mohammed Helmy Faris Shalayel

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10477

Assessment of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities of Sisymbrium officinale plant extract

Heliyon. 2022 Aug 28;8(9):e10477. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10477. eCollection 2022 Sep.

Affiliations

¹ Al Quds-Bard College, Al-Quds University, Abu Dies, Jerusalem, Palestine.
² Department of Chemistry, Palestine Technical University-Kadoorie, Tulkarm, Palestine.
³ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine.
⁴ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 560, Irbid, 22163, Jordan.
⁷ Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Professor of Biochemistry and Consultant Dermatologist, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

The most efficient and safe source of medications is the natural and traditional medications which are produced from plants and herbs. In this study, Sisymbrium officinale (S. officinale) was tested to explore its total phenolic and flavonoids contents. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities were assessed as well. S. officinale was bought from a local Palestinian market, air-dried, and extracted with 99% ethanol with the aid of ultrasonication. The extract was tested on three types of bacteria using well diffusion method. The anti-microbial testing included three different types of bacteria, two gram-positive bacteria, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus and E. coli as a gram-negative bacterium. Antioxidant activity of the plant extract was conducted using DPPH method, while total phenolic and flavonoids contents were performed using a well-known assay chemical method. Anticancer activity of the extract was conducted against two cancer cell lines (breast (MCF7) and colon (HCT116) cancer cell lines). Results showed that the extract is rich polyphenolic and flavonoids and has strong antioxidant activity reflected by inhibition of free radicals (DPPH) (193.7 ± 3.4). The plant extract showed also strong antimicrobial activity against both E. coli and Streptococcus bacteria with of inhibition of 10 and 14 mm respectively. The extract of this plant also showed anticancer activity (about 6%) against MCF7 (breast cancer cell line).

Keywords: Activity; Anticancer; Antimicrobial; Antioxidants; Plant extract; S. officinale.