Successful case of olaparib treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer with multiple DNA repair gene mutations: Use of comprehensive genome profiling for treatment-refractory cases

Yukiyoshi Hirayama; Minoru Kato; Kaoru Kimura; Taiyo Otoshi; Takeshi Yamasaki; Junji Uchida

doi:10.1016/j.eucr.2022.102210

Successful case of olaparib treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer with multiple DNA repair gene mutations: Use of comprehensive genome profiling for treatment-refractory cases

Urol Case Rep. 2022 Aug 30:45:102210. doi: 10.1016/j.eucr.2022.102210. eCollection 2022 Nov.

Authors

Yukiyoshi Hirayama¹, Minoru Kato¹, Kaoru Kimura², Taiyo Otoshi¹, Takeshi Yamasaki¹, Junji Uchida¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Urology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
² Department of Urology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Abstract

Herein, we report a case of a 59-year-old man with advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer with rectal invasion. Multimodal treatment, including drug therapy, surgery, and radiation therapy was sequentially performed; however, lymph node metastases repeatedly occurred. Tumor genomic profiling using FoundationOne CDx identified pathogenic alterations in three DNA repair genes, including BRCA2 frameshift mutation. Olaparib, a poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitor, showed marked response. Castration-resistant prostate cancer with multiple DNA repair genes was successfully treated with olaparib; comprehensive genome profiling can lead to its optimal clinical management.

Keywords: Castration-resistant prostate cancer; DNA repair; Poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor.

Publication types

Case Reports