Systematic review on modification to the ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing discovery mechanics

Ibrahim Alameri; Jitka Komarkova; Tawfik Al-Hadhrami; Ahmad Lotfi

doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.1079

Systematic review on modification to the ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing discovery mechanics

PeerJ Comput Sci. 2022 Sep 5:8:e1079. doi: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1079. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Ibrahim Alameri^{1

2

3}, Jitka Komarkova², Tawfik Al-Hadhrami¹, Ahmad Lotfi¹

Affiliations

¹ Computer Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
² University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
³ Jabir ibn Hayyan Medical University, Najaf, Iraq.

Abstract

Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are used in a variety of research areas, including the military, industry, healthcare, agriculture, the Internet of Things (IoT), transportation, and smart cities. The swift advancement in MANET technology is the driving force behind this rising adoption rate. Routing over MANET is a critical problem due to the dynamic nature of the link qualities, even when nodes are static. A key challenge in MANETs is the need for an efficient routing protocol that establishes a route according to certain performance metrics related to the link quality. The routing protocols utilised by the nodes in WMNs and MANETs are distinct. Nodes in both types of networks exchange data packets through the routing protocols. For this highly mobile network, the ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol has been suggested as a possible solution. Recent years have attracted researchers' attention to AODV since it is a routing technique for ad-hoc networks that prevents looping. The architecture of this routing protocol considers several factors, including the mobility of nodes, the failure of connection links, and the loss of packets. In this systematic review, one of the key focuses is bringing attention to the classic AODV, which was developed after discussing the recent development of several versions of AODV. The AODV routing protocol performs a path strength check to generate a more reliable and secure route between the source and destination nodes. In AODV, investigations demonstrate advances in both the format protocol approach and the network simulation-2 (NS-2), and these improvements were made in the same scenario used to revitalise AODV. It has been discovered that the AODV is more effective in several aspects, such as throughput, end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio (PDR), energy consumption, jitter, packet loss ratio, and network overhead. Furthermore, this paper presents this systematic review based on AODV modifications in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). It also provides a methodological framework for the papers' selection.

Keywords: AODV; Mechanics; Routing protocol; Wireless mesh network; ad-hoc.

Grants and funding

This paper was supported by the SGS University of Pardubice project No. SGS_2022_008. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.