Many diseases including HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) are impacted by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMP-13 play a role to cleave the collagen. MMP-13 contributes to peripheral neuropathy and induces unmyelinated axon degeneration. MMP-13-77A/G polymorphism has been associated to a lower level of MMP-13. MMP-13 have been linked to increased expression in a number of diseases including neurological disease. Hence we analyzed the effect of MMP-13-77A/G polymorphism in pateints with and without HAND. The PCR-Restriction fragment length polymorphism approach was used to genotype MMP-13-77A/G polymorphism. The MMP-13-77AG genotype was shown to be more prevalent in HAND patients than in controls and showed a risk for severe HAND (44.4% vs. 34.8%, P = 0.16, OR = 1.79). When compared to healthy controls, the MMP-13-77AG genotype was found to be prevalent in HAND patients (44.4 %vs. 38.2%, P = 0.66, OR = 1.26). MMP-13-77AG genotype was overrepresented (51.5% vs. 38.2%, OR = 1.70, P = 0.29) in HAND patients who had advanced HIV disease. In without HAND patients, the MMP-13-77AG genotype was found be lessor in advanced stage of HIV disease when compared with healthy controls and it was associated with a reduced risk for advancement in disease (38.2% vs. 11.82%, P = 0.03, OR = 0.18). Smokers were more likely to have the MMP-13-77AG genotype than non-smokers, indicating an elevated risk of HAND severity (60.0% vs. 40.0%, P = 0.50, OR = 2.29, 95%). In patients with and without HAND, alcohol intake enhanced the risk for developing HAND and its severity when the MMP-13-77GG genotype was present (P = 0.78, OR = 2.10, P = 0.78, OR = 2.10). In conclusion, Individuals with alcohol usage and the MMP-13-77GG genotype may have additive effect on HAND development and its severity. Individuals of without HAND and MMP-13-77AG genotype showed reduced risk for advancement of HIV disease.
Keywords: Development of HAND; Genetic polymorphism; HAND; MMP-13.
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