Copper fluoride (CuF2 ) has the highest energy density among all metal fluoride cathodes owing to its high theoretical potential (3.55 V) and high capacity (528 mAh g-1 ). However, CuF2 can only survive for less than five cycles, mainly due to serious Cu-ion dissolution during charge/discharge cycles. Herein, copper dissolution is successfully suppressed by forming Cu2+ -coordinated sodium alginate (Cu-SA) on the surface of CuF2 particles during the electrode fabrication process, by using water as a slurry solvent and sodium alginate (SA) as a binder. The trace dissolved Cu2+ in water from CuF2 can in situ cross-link with SA binder forming a conformal Cu-SA layer on CuF2 surface. After water evaporation during the electrode dry process, the Cu-SA layer is Li-ion conductor but Cu2+ insulator, which can effectively suppress the dissolution of Cu-ions in the organic 4 m LiClO4 /ethylene carbonate/propylene carbonate electrolyte, enhancing the reversibility of CuF2 . CuF2 electrode with SA binder delivers a reversible capacity of 420.4 mAh g-1 after 50 cycles at 0.05 C, reaching an energy density of 1009.1 Wh kg-1 . Cu2+ cross-link polymer coating on CuF2 opens the door for stabilizing the high-energy and low-cost CuF2 cathode for next-generation Li-ion batteries.
Keywords: Li-ion batteries; copper fluoride; cross-link effect; hydroxylated copper fluoride; sodium alginate.
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