A simplified and easy-to-use HIP HOP assay provides insights into chalcone antifungal mechanisms of action

FEBS Lett. 2022 Dec;596(23):3087-3102. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.14483. Epub 2022 Sep 9.

Abstract

Elucidating the mechanism of action of an antifungal or cytotoxic compound is a time-consuming process. Yeast chemogenomic profiling provides a compelling solution to the problem but is experimentally complex. Here, we demonstrate the use of a highly simplified yeast chemical genetic assay comprising just 89 yeast deletion strains, each diagnostic for a specific mechanism of action. We use the assay to investigate the mechanism of action of two antifungal chalcone compounds, trans-chalcone and 4'-hydroxychalcone, and narrow down the mechanism to transcriptional stress. Crucially, the assay eliminates mechanisms of action such as topoisomerase I inhibition and membrane disruption that have been suggested for related chalcone compounds. We propose this simplified assay as a useful tool to rapidly identify common off-target mechanisms.

Keywords: 4′-hydroxychalcone; mechanism of action; trans-chalcone; transcription; yeast array.

MeSH terms

  • Antifungal Agents / pharmacology
  • Chalcone* / pharmacology
  • Chalcones* / pharmacology
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics

Substances

  • Chalcone
  • Antifungal Agents
  • 4-hydroxychalcone
  • Chalcones
  • 4'-hydroxychalcone