Assessment of Awareness and Knowledge of Proton Pump Inhibitors Among the General Population in Saudi Arabia

Emad S Aljahdli; Aseel M Mokhtar; Saad A Aljehani; Raad M Hamdi; Baraa H Alsubhi; Khaild F Aljuhani; Khaled A Saleh; Ammar D Alzoriri; Waleed S Alghamdi

doi:10.7759/cureus.27149

Assessment of Awareness and Knowledge of Proton Pump Inhibitors Among the General Population in Saudi Arabia

Cureus. 2022 Jul 22;14(7):e27149. doi: 10.7759/cureus.27149. eCollection 2022 Jul.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Gastrointestinal Oncology Unit, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, SAU.
² Gastrointestinal Oncology Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
³ Medical Intern, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU.
⁴ Gastroenterology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, SAU.
⁵ Gastroenterology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.

Abstract

Background One of the most commonly used classes of medications that are known for their excessively expanded misuse is proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Although they are profoundly useful, they also account for several adverse effects. Assessing the awareness of the general population may throw light on the problem and limit irrational use. This study aims to determine the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of the general population of Saudi Arabia regarding PPI use. Materials and methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study using a structured online survey. The questionnaire comprised 1088 participants of the adult general population of Saudi Arabia to assess knowledge and awareness of proton pump inhibitors. Results Of the 1088 participants, 59% were men and 41% were women, 44.6% were aged 20-30 years, 25.4% were 31-40 years, and 16% were 41-50 years. Only 54% of the participants had previous knowledge of PPIs. Regarding PPI use, 25.7% of participants previously used PPIs with medical consultation and 10.3% without medical consultation, while 64% had never used PPIs. Reasons for PPI use included: heartburn (56.4%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (51.1%), gastritis (21.8%), as part of Helicobacter pylori infection therapy (20%), peptic ulcer (15.7%), esophagitis (7.1%), sore throat (6.1%), gastroenteritis (5.4%), hiatal hernia (5%), hoarseness (3.2%), asthma (2.1%), and bariatric surgery (2.1%). Of all the participants, 61.2% completed the treatment course while 38.8% did not. Conclusion Generally, our population had moderate knowledge of PPI. However, it is not enough to eliminate this irrational use of PPIs.This study emphasizes the importance of effective provider-led patient education to raise awareness of potential risks and reduce inappropriate long-term use of PPIs. This is significant due to growing concern about the possibility of medication overuse and non-compliance due to a lack of awareness about PPIs. In addition, more research assessing the awareness of over-the-counter (OTC) medications should be taken into consideration.

Keywords: adverse effects; antacids; attitude; awareness; behavior; gastroesophageal reflux; heartburn; proton pump inhibitor; proton pump inhibitors (ppis); saudi arabia.