Objective: To analyze the labor progression characteristics of primiparous term singleton pregnant women with adenomyosis. Methods: From April 2014 to May 2021, pregnant women underwent regular antenatal examination in Peking University Third Hospital were enrolled in this retrospective study, 109 primiparous term pregnant women with adenomyosis who underwent singleton, primipara, cephalic and vaginal delivery were referred as the adenomyosis group, while 109 pregnant women without adenomyosis primiparous term pregnant women at the same time were referred as the control group. The general clinical information, labor process intervention, pregnancy outcomes and labor course time of the two groups were analyzed. Results: (1) General clinical conditions: the pre-pregnancy uterine volume of the adenomyosis group was larger than that of the control group [(66.8±23.7) vs (41.4±13.1) cm3, P<0.05]. The proportion of assisted reproductive pregnancy and endometriosis in the adenomyosis group were higher than those in the control group [31.2% (34/109) vs 7.3% (8/109); 31.2% (34/109) vs 5.5% (6/109); all P<0.05]. There were no significant differences in maternal age, gestational age at delivery, pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, gravidity, incidence of pregnancy complications (gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia and thyroid diseases) and premature rupture of membranes between the two groups (all P>0.05). (2) Labor process intervention and maternal and fetal outcomes: postpartum hemorrhage was higher in the adenomyosis group than the control group (median: 300 vs 260 ml, P=0.018). There were no significant differences in the proportion of labor onset, use of oxytocin, artificial rupture of membranes, perineal laceration Ⅲ and above, episiotomy, newborn weight and 1-minute Apgar score between the two groups (all P>0.05). (3) Time of labor process: there were no significant differences between the two groups in the time required for the first stage, third stage, total stage and cervical dilation 0-1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, 5-6, 6-7 cm (all P>0.05). The time required for cervical dilation 7-8, 8-9, 9-10 cm and the second stage of labor in adenomyosis group (median: 20, 18, 15 and 12 minutes, respectively) were shorter than those of the control group (median: 23, 23, 23 and 26 minutes, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). (4) The effect of endometriosis on labor: there was no significant difference in the effect of endometriosis on labor in adenomyosis group (P>0.05). Conclusions: The labor process of primiparous term pregnant women with adenomyosis is significantly accelerated after the cervical dilatation for 7 cm, which should be closely observed. The third stage of labor course is managed aggressively with drugs to prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
目的： 分析足月单胎子宫腺肌病初产妇的产程特征。 方法： 收集2014年4月至2021年5月于北京大学第三医院规律产前检查，单胎、初产、头位、阴道分娩的子宫腺肌病孕妇109例为腺肌病组，同期单胎、初产、头位、阴道分娩的非子宫腺肌病孕妇109例为对照组，对比分析两组孕妇的一般情况、产程干预、母儿结局及产程时间。 结果： （1）一般情况：腺肌病组孕妇的孕前子宫体积［（66.8±23.7）cm3］大于对照组［（41.4±13.1）cm3］，辅助生殖受孕比例［分别为31.2%（34/109）和7.3%（8/109）］以及合并子宫内膜异位症比例［分别为31.2%（34/109）和5.5%（6/109）］均高于对照组，分别比较，差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。两组孕妇的年龄、分娩孕周、孕前体质指数、孕期增重、孕次、妊娠合并症（妊娠期糖尿病、子痫前期、甲状腺疾病）发生率、胎膜早破发生率分别比较，差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。（2）产程干预及母儿结局：腺肌病组的中位产后出血量［300 ml（200~355 ml）］显著高于对照组［260 ml（200~300 ml）；Z=-2.364，P=0.018］。腺肌病组产妇的临产方式、缩宫素使用、人工破膜、会阴Ⅲ度及以上裂伤、侧切的比例、新生儿出生体重及1分钟Apgar评分与对照组分别比较，差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。（3）产程时间：两组产妇的第一产程、第三产程、总产程、宫口开大0~1、1~2、2~3、3~4、4~5、5~6、6~7 cm所需时间分别比较，差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。腺肌病组宫口开大7~8、8~9、9~10 cm所需时间及第二产程（中位数分别为20、18、15、12 min）短于对照组（中位数分别为23、23、23、26 min），分别比较，差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。（4）合并子宫内膜异位症对产程的影响：腺肌病组中是否合并子宫内膜异位症者的产程比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论： 妊娠合并子宫腺肌病孕妇宫口开大7 cm后产程明显加快，需严密观察；第三产程应积极使用促宫缩药物预防产后出血。.