State-of-the-Art Smart and Intelligent Nanobiosensors for SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis

Sushma Thapa; Kshitij Rb Singh; Ranjana Verma; Jay Singh; Ravindra Pratap Singh

doi:10.3390/bios12080637

State-of-the-Art Smart and Intelligent Nanobiosensors for SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis

Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 13;12(8):637. doi: 10.3390/bios12080637.

Authors

Sushma Thapa¹, Kshitij Rb Singh¹, Ranjana Verma², Jay Singh¹, Ravindra Pratap Singh³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
² Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
³ Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak 484887, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Abstract

The novel coronavirus appeared to be a milder infection initially, but the unexpected outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), commonly called COVID-19, was transmitted all over the world in late 2019 and caused a pandemic. Human health has been disastrously affected by SARS-CoV-2, which is still evolving and causing more serious concerns, leading to the innumerable loss of lives. Thus, this review provides an outline of SARS-CoV-2, of the traditional tools to diagnose SARS-CoV-2, and of the role of emerging nanomaterials with unique properties for fabricating biosensor devices to diagnose SARS-CoV-2. Smart and intelligent nanomaterial-enabled biosensors (nanobiosensors) have already proven their utility for the diagnosis of several viral infections, as various detection strategies based on nanobiosensor devices are already present, and several other methods are also being investigated by researchers for the determination of SARS-CoV-2 disease; however, considerably more is undetermined and yet to be explored. Hence, this review highlights the utility of various nanobiosensor devices for SARS-CoV-2 determination. Further, it also emphasizes the future outlook of nanobiosensing technologies for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; biosensors; nanobiosensors; nanomaterials; smart and intelligent nanomaterials.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques*
COVID-19 Testing
COVID-19* / diagnosis
Humans
Pandemics
SARS-CoV-2

Grants and funding

This review did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. This research received no external funding.