The Combination of Tamarindus indica and Coenzyme Q10 can be a Potential Therapy Preference to Attenuate Cadmium-Induced Hepatorenal Injury

Amany Abdelnaby; Nabila Abdel-Aleem; Ayman Mansour; Afaf Abdelkader; Amany N Ibrahim; Safwa M Sorour; Enas Elgendy; Heba Bayoumi; Shaymaa M Abdelrahman; Samah F Ibrahim; Ilhaam Alsaati; Ahmed Abdeen

doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.954030

The Combination of Tamarindus indica and Coenzyme Q10 can be a Potential Therapy Preference to Attenuate Cadmium-Induced Hepatorenal Injury

Front Pharmacol. 2022 Aug 8:13:954030. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.954030. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Amany Abdelnaby¹, Nabila Abdel-Aleem², Ayman Mansour¹, Afaf Abdelkader^{3

4}, Amany N Ibrahim⁵, Safwa M Sorour⁵, Enas Elgendy⁶, Heba Bayoumi⁶, Shaymaa M Abdelrahman⁷, Samah F Ibrahim⁸, Ilhaam Alsaati⁹, Ahmed Abdeen^{2

4

10}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnology, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
² Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt.
³ Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
⁴ Center of Excellence in Screening of Environmental Contaminants (CESEC), Benha University, Toukh, Egypt.
⁵ Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
⁶ Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
⁷ Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
⁸ Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰ Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous environmental pollutant that menaces human and animal health and induces serious adverse effects in various organs, particularly the liver and kidneys. Thus, the current study was designed to look into the possible mechanisms behind the ameliorative activities of Tamarindus indica (TM) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) combined therapy toward Cd-inflicted tissue injury. Male Wistar rats were categorized into seven groups: Control (received saline only); TM (50 mg/kg); CoQ (40 mg/kg); Cd (2 mg/kg); (Cd + TM); (Cd + CoQ); and (Cd + TM + CoQ). All the treatments were employed once daily via oral gavage for 28 consecutive days. The results revealed that Cd exposure considerably induced liver and kidney damage, evidenced by enhancement of liver and kidney function tests. In addition, Cd intoxication could provoke oxidative stress evidenced by markedly decreased glutathione (GSH) content and catalase (CAT) activity alongside a substantial increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the hepatic and renal tissues. Besides, disrupted protein and lipid metabolism were noticed. Unambiguously, TM or CoQ supplementation alleviated Cd-induced hepatorenal damage, which is most likely attributed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory contents. Interestingly, when TM and CoQ were given in combination, a better restoration of Cd-induced liver and kidney damage was noticed than was during their individual treatments.

Keywords: Tamarindus indica; antioxidants; cadmium; coenzyme Q10; hepatorenal damage; oxidative stress.