Moisture-triggered fast crystallization enables efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Kaikai Liu; Yujie Luo; Yongbin Jin; Tianxiao Liu; Yuming Liang; Liu Yang; Peiquan Song; Zhiyong Liu; Chengbo Tian; Liqiang Xie; Zhanhua Wei

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-32482-y

Moisture-triggered fast crystallization enables efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Nat Commun. 2022 Aug 19;13(1):4891. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32482-y.

Authors

Kaikai Liu^#¹, Yujie Luo^#¹, Yongbin Jin¹, Tianxiao Liu², Yuming Liang¹, Liu Yang¹, Peiquan Song¹, Zhiyong Liu², Chengbo Tian¹, Liqiang Xie³, Zhanhua Wei⁴

Affiliations

¹ Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P.R. China.
² Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, School of Physics, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P.R. China.
³ Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P.R. China. lqxie@hqu.edu.cn.
⁴ Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P.R. China. weizhanhua@hqu.edu.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Understanding the function of moisture on perovskite is challenging since the random environmental moisture strongly disturbs the perovskite structure. Here, we develop various N₂-protected characterization techniques to comprehensively study the effect of moisture on the efficient cesium, methylammonium, and formamidinium triple-cation perovskite (Cs_0.05FA_0.75MA_0.20)Pb(I_0.96Br_0.04)₃. In contrast to the secondary measurements, the established air-exposure-free techniques allow us directly monitor the influence of moisture during perovskite crystallization. We find a controllable moisture treatment for the intermediate perovskite can promote the mass transportation of organic salts, and help them enter the buried bottom of the films. This process accelerates the quasi-solid-solid reaction between organic salts and PbI₂, enables a spatially homogeneous intermediate phase, and translates to high-quality perovskites with much-suppressed defects. Consequently, we obtain a champion device efficiency of approaching 24% with negligible hysteresis. The devices exhibit an average T₈₀-lifetime of 852 h (maximum 1210 h) working at the maximum power point.

Abstract

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