Visible-Light Photocatalyzed peri-(3 + 2) Cycloadditions of Quinolines

J Am Chem Soc. 2022 Aug 31;144(34):15662-15671. doi: 10.1021/jacs.2c05687. Epub 2022 Aug 19.

Abstract

Cycloaddition reactions─epitomized by the Diels-Alder reaction─offer an arguably unmatched springboard for achieving chemical complexity, often with excellent selectivity, in a modular single step. We report the synthesis of aza-acenaphthenes in a single step by an unprecedented formal peri-(3 + 2) cycloaddition of simple quinolines with alkynes. A commercially available iridium complex exerts a dual role of photosensitizer and photoredox catalyst, fostering a cyclization/rearomatization cascade. The initial energy-transfer phase leads to the acenaphthene skeleton, while the ensuing redox shuttling step leads to aromatization. We applied this technology to 8-substituted quinolines and phenanthrolines, which smoothly reacted with both terminal and internal alkynes with excellent levels of regio- and diastereoselectivity. Density functional theory calculations revealed the intertwined EnT/SET nature of the process and offered guiding design principles for the synthesis of new aza-acenaphthenes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acenaphthenes*
  • Alkynes
  • Cyclization
  • Cycloaddition Reaction
  • Quinolines*

Substances

  • Acenaphthenes
  • Alkynes
  • Quinolines