Background: Tezepelumab, a human monoclonal antibody, blocks the activity of thymic stromal lymphopoietin. In the phase 3 NAVIGATOR study (NCT03347279), tezepelumab reduced exacerbations by 56% compared with placebo in adults and adolescents with severe, uncontrolled asthma. This analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of tezepelumab in NAVIGATOR patients recruited in Japan.
Methods: NAVIGATOR was a phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients (12-80 years old) were randomized 1:1 to receive tezepelumab 210 mg or placebo subcutaneously every 4 weeks for 52 weeks. Endpoints assessed included: the annualized asthma exacerbation rate (AAER) over 52 weeks (primary endpoint) and the change from baseline to week 52 in pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ)-6 score. The safety of tezepelumab was also assessed.
Results: Overall, 97 patients recruited in Japan were randomized (tezepelumab, n = 58; placebo, n = 39). The AAER over 52 weeks was 1.54 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90, 2.64) with tezepelumab compared with 3.12 (95% CI: 1.82, 5.35) with placebo (rate ratio: 0.49 [95% CI: 0.25, 0.99]; 51% reduction). For tezepelumab and placebo, the least-squares mean (standard error) change from baseline to week 52 for pre-bronchodilator FEV1 was 0.23 (0.06) L and 0.19 (0.07) L and the ACQ-6 score was -1.12 (0.15) and -0.97 (0.19), respectively. The frequency of adverse events was similar between treatment groups (tezepelumab, 86.2%; placebo, 87.2%).
Conclusions: Tezepelumab reduced exacerbations compared with placebo, and was well tolerated, in NAVIGATOR patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma recruited in Japan.
Keywords: Biologic; Randomized controlled trial; Severe asthma; TSLP; Thymic stromal lymphopoietin.
Copyright © 2022 Japanese Society of Allergology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.