Background: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is an asymptomatic skin condition linked to several underlying systemic conditions. Chemerin is an adipokine that increases during inflammatory disorders such as metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Aims: This case-control study investigates the link between AN and the underlying MetS and serum levels of chemerin in individuals with obesity.
Patients/methods: Twenty-five adults with AN and obesity (body mass index [BMI] > 30 kg/m2 ), 25 adults with obesity but no AN, and 25 healthy controls (BMI < 30 kg/m2 ) had their lipid profiles and serum chemerin concentrations examined.
Results: The neck (80.0%) and axilla (68.0%) were the most common sites of AN. In participants with obesity, either alone or with AN, serum chemerin concentrations were significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.001). Participants with obesity and AN had significantly higher levels of cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and serum chemerin levels (p < 0.001), and significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels (p < 0.001) when compared to participants with obesity alone. All participants with obesity and AN (100%) and 88% of those with obesity alone had MetS. Logistic regression revealed that systolic blood pressure >130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure >85 mmHg, waist circumference >90 cm, TG >150 mg/dl, HDL-c <45 mg/dl, fasting blood glucose >100 mg/dl, and serum chemerin >300 ng/ml were significant (p < 0.05) risk factors for AN.
Conclusions: Acanthosis nigricans is a non-invasive and reliable sign of the underlying MetS and increased serum chemerin levels among individuals with obesity.
Keywords: acanthosis nigricans; chemerin; nigricans; serum; study.
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