Gut microbiota diversity in middle-aged and elderly patients with end-stage diabetic kidney disease

Rongping Chen; Dan Zhu; Rui Yang; Zezhen Wu; Ningning Xu; Fengwu Chen; Shuo Zhang; Hong Chen; Ming Li; Kaijian Hou

doi:10.21037/atm-22-2926

Gut microbiota diversity in middle-aged and elderly patients with end-stage diabetic kidney disease

Ann Transl Med. 2022 Jul;10(13):750. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-2926.

Authors

Rongping Chen^#¹, Dan Zhu^#², Rui Yang^#³, Zezhen Wu^#², Ningning Xu³, Fengwu Chen², Shuo Zhang², Hong Chen³, Ming Li¹, Kaijian Hou^{2

4}

Affiliations

¹ School of Laboratory Medical and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
² Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Longhu Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
³ Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
⁴ Jinxia Community Health Service Centre, Shantou, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but the mechanism between DKD and ESRD remains unclear. Some experts have put forward the "microbial-centered ESRD development theory", believing that the bacterial load caused by gut microecological imbalance and uremia toxin transfer are the core pathogenic links. The purpose of this study was to analyze the genomic characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with ESRD, specifically DKD or non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients with ESRD were recruited in a community, including 22 DKD patients and 22 NDKD patients matched using gender and age. Fecal samples of patients were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing and gut microbiota analysis. The distribution structure, diversity, and abundance of microflora in DKD patients were analyzed by constructing species evolutionary trees and analyzing alpha diversity, beta diversity, and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe).

Results: The results of our study showed that there were statistically significant differences in the richness and species of gut microbiota at the total level between DKD patients and NDKD patients. The analysis of genus level between the two groups showed significant differences in 16 bacterial genera. Among them, Oscillibacter, Bilophila, UBA1819, Ruminococcaceae UCG-004, Anaerotruncus, Ruminococcaceae, and Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 bacteria in DKD patients were higher than those in NDKD patients.

Conclusions: 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used in this study to analyze the characteristics of intestinal flora in ESRD patients with or without diabetes. We found that there was a significant difference in the intestinal flora of ESRD patients caused by DKD and NDKD, suggesting that these may be potential causative bacteria for the development of ERSD in DKD patients.

Keywords: 16S rDNA; End-stage renal disease (ESRD); diabetic kidney disease (DKD); gut microbiota; non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD).