Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Mycoplasma hyorhinis strains isolated from five European countries between 2019 and 2021

PLoS One. 2022 Aug 11;17(8):e0272903. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272903. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Mycoplasma hyorhinis is an emerging swine pathogen bacterium causing polyserositis and polyarthritis in weaners and finishers. The pathogen is distributed world-wide, generating significant economic losses. No commercially available vaccine is available in Europe. Therefore, besides improving the housing conditions for prevention, antimicrobial therapy of the diseased animals is the only option to control the infection. Our aim was to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ten antimicrobials potentially used against M. hyorhinis infection. The antibiotic susceptibility of 76 M. hyorhinis isolates from Belgium, Germany, Hungary, Italy and Poland collected between 2019 and 2021 was determined by broth micro-dilution method and mismatch amplification mutation assay (MAMA). Low concentrations of tiamulin (MIC90 0.312 μg/ml), doxycycline (MIC90 0.078 μg/ml), oxytetracycline (MIC90 0.25 μg/ml), florfenicol (MIC90 2 μg/ml) and moderate concentrations of enrofloxacin (MIC90 1.25 μg/ml) inhibited the growth of the isolates. For the tested macrolides and lincomycin, a bimodal MIC pattern was observed (MIC90 >64 μg/ml for lincomycin, tulathromycin, tylosin and tilmicosin and 5 μg/ml for tylvalosin). The results of the MAMA assay were in line with the conventional method with three exceptions. Based on our statistical analyses, significant differences in MIC values of tiamulin and doxycycline were observed between certain countries. Our results show various levels of antimicrobial susceptibility among M. hyorhinis isolates to the tested antibiotics. The data underline the importance of susceptibility monitoring on pan-European level and provides essential information for proper antibiotic choice in therapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Anti-Infective Agents* / pharmacology
  • Doxycycline / pharmacology
  • Europe
  • Lincomycin / pharmacology
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Mycoplasma Infections* / drug therapy
  • Mycoplasma Infections* / microbiology
  • Mycoplasma hyorhinis*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Lincomycin
  • Doxycycline

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Huvepharma® NV. MG was supported by the Eötvös Loránd Research Network under Grant SA-27/2021 (https://elkh.org/kiemelt-kutatasi-temak-program/). DF was supported by the New National Excellence program (ÚNKP-21-3, http://www.unkp.gov.hu/palyazatok) and the Doctoral Student Scholarship Program of the Co-operative Doctoral Program (KDP-2020, https://nkfih.gov.hu/palyazoknak/nkfi-alap/kdp-2021) of the Ministry of Innovation and Technology and the National Research, Development and Innovation Office. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.