Contaminated soils have caused serious harm to human health and the ecological environment due to the high toxicity of organic and inorganic pollutants, which has attracted extensive attention in recent years. Because of its low cost, simple operation and high efficiency, soil washing technology is widely used to permanently remove various pollutants in contaminated soils and is considered to be the most promising remediation technology. This review summarized the recent developments in the field of soil washing technology and discusses the application of conventional washing agents, advanced emerging washing agents, the recycling of washing effluents and the combination of soil washing and other remediation technologies. Overall, the findings provide a comprehensive understanding of soil washing technology and suggest some potential improvements from a scientific and practical point of view.
Keywords: Eluent; Heavy metal; Organic pollutant; Soil remediation; Soil washing.
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