High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Cr-Ni-Mo Hot-Work Die Steels

Yuqi Zhang; Cheng Zhang; Fei Li; Zhou Wang; Xiaodong Wang; Changji Wang; Cheng Zhang; Jinfeng Huang; Feng Mao; Chong Chen; Tao Jiang; Shizhong Wei; Mei Xiong; Jinmeng Hu

doi:10.3390/ma15155145

High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Cr-Ni-Mo Hot-Work Die Steels

Materials (Basel). 2022 Jul 25;15(15):5145. doi: 10.3390/ma15155145.

Authors

Yuqi Zhang^{1

2}, Cheng Zhang², Fei Li^{1

2}, Zhou Wang^{1

2}, Xiaodong Wang^{1

2}, Changji Wang^{1

2}, Cheng Zhang³, Jinfeng Huang³, Feng Mao^{1

2}, Chong Chen^{1

2}, Tao Jiang^{1

2}, Shizhong Wei², Mei Xiong^{1

2}, Jinmeng Hu^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
² National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
³ State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, No. 30, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China.

Abstract

The oxidation of 3Cr3Mo2NiW and 3CrNi3Mo steels was studied at 600 °C in air, and the test results suggest that the parabolic rate law fitted the oxidation kinetics of both steels. The microstructure, morphology, structure, and phase composition of the oxide film cross-sectional layers of the two Cr-Ni-Mo hot-work die steels were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The influences of Cr, Ni, and Mo on the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the two Cr-Ni-Mo hot-work die steels are discussed, and the oxidation mechanism is summarized. Heat-treated samples were analyzed using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) to obtain inverse pole figures (IPFs) and average sample grain sizes, and the percentages of twin grain boundaries (TGBs) (θ = 60°) were also measured. After heat treatment, recrystallization was observed in both steels with a large portion of twin grain boundaries. After 10 h of oxidation, the dense chromium-rich oxide layer that formed in the inner oxide layer of 3Cr3Mo2NiW steel effectively prevented the continuation of oxidation. The inner oxide layer in 3CrNi3Mo steel formed an adhesion layer with a network structure composed mainly of Ni- and Cr-rich spinel oxide, without forming a barrier to prevent oxidation.

Keywords: grain boundaries; microstructure; oxidation; steels.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFB2008400), State Key Lab of Advanced Metals and Materials (2022-Z17), Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province (222102230033), Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal New Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, and Longmen Laboratory.