1 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan.
2 Department of Digestive Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan.
3 Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan.
Acute liver failure (ALF) and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), respectively, occur in patients with normal liver and patients with chronic liver diseases, including cirrhosis [...].