Co-Occurring Obsessive-Compulsive and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Review of Conceptualization, Assessment, and Cognitive Behavioral Treatment

J Cogn Psychother. 2022 Jul 1;36(3):207-225. doi: 10.1891/jcp-2021-0007.

Abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) co-occurs with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) nearly 25% of the time, and rates of co-occurring OCD within PTSD populations are even higher. Several studies examining the impact of co-occurring OCD and PTSD with suggest attenuated treatment response, yet findings regarding symptom presentation in this population are mixed. Given phenotypic, functional, and sometimes etiological overlap in OCD and PTSD, differential diagnosis and specialized treatment can be a complex yet important undertaking. This paper reviews the current literature on co-occurring OCD and PTSD; describes the theoretical conceptualization for the intersection of OCD and PTSD; offers recommendations for differential assessment and cognitive behavioral treatment; and provides directions for future research on co-occurring OCD and PTSD.

Keywords: assessment; comorbidity; obsessive-compulsive disorder; posttraumatic stress disorder; treatment.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cognition
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy*
  • Concept Formation
  • Humans
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder* / complications
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder* / diagnosis
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder* / therapy
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* / complications
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* / diagnosis
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* / therapy