Cushing's disease: role of bilateral adrenalectomy

Pituitary. 2022 Oct;25(5):743-745. doi: 10.1007/s11102-022-01260-w. Epub 2022 Jul 26.

Abstract

Introduction: Laparoscopic bilateral adrenalectomy (BAD) is one of the treatments of Cushing's Disease (CD), but its indications and outcome is debated.

Methods: The literature on BAD was reviewed as part of a work performed for the Cushing's disease guideline.

Results: The surgical morbidity of BAD is reported between 10 and 18% and no mortality has been reported in the largest series. Because of the endocrine sacrifice it will be mostly performed after a multidisciplinary team discussion in selected cases of refractory CD (mostly after failure of pituitary surgery and/or medical treatment). It is also frequently discussed in female patients desiring pregnancy. Corticotroph tumor progression occurs in 40% of the patients but is in most patients manageable when detected early by a careful long term monitoring with pituitary MRI and ACTH assays after BAD.

Conclusion: BAD is a safe and effective treatment of CD used in specific situations and requiring long term monitoring.

Keywords: Bilateral adrenalectomy; Corticotroph tumor progression; Cushing’s disease; Hypercortisolemia; Laparascopic adrenalectomy.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adrenalectomy
  • Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / metabolism
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion* / etiology
  • Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion* / surgery
  • Pituitary Gland / surgery
  • Pregnancy
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Adrenocorticotropic Hormone