Protective and therapeutic effectiveness of taurine supplementation plus low calorie diet on metabolic parameters and endothelial markers in patients with diabetes mellitus: a randomized, clinical trial

Jalal Moludi; Shaimaa A Qaisar; Mustafa M Kadhim; Yasin Ahmadi; Mina Davari

doi:10.1186/s12986-022-00684-2

Protective and therapeutic effectiveness of taurine supplementation plus low calorie diet on metabolic parameters and endothelial markers in patients with diabetes mellitus: a randomized, clinical trial

Nutr Metab (Lond). 2022 Jul 23;19(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s12986-022-00684-2.

Authors

Jalal Moludi^{1

2}, Shaimaa A Qaisar³, Mustafa M Kadhim^{4

5}, Yasin Ahmadi⁶, Mina Davari⁷

Affiliations

¹ School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 5166614711, Iran. jmoludi@yahoo.com.
² Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. jmoludi@yahoo.com.
³ Chemistry Department, College of Education, University of Garmian, Sulimmania, Iraq.
⁴ Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Dijlah University College, Baghdad, 10021, Iraq.
⁵ Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq.
⁶ Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁷ Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Abstract

Background: Taurine supplementation as a sulfur-containing amino acid may attenuate and/or alleviate diabetes-induced complications and endothelial dysfunction via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Our purpose was to investigate the effect of Taurine supplementation on endothelial dysfunction markers, oxidative stress, inflammation, and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: In the current clinical trial, 120 patients with T2DM were randomly allocated to take either Taurine (containing 1 g Taurine, n = 60) or placebo (n = 60) three times per day for an eight-week period. Moreover, all patients were on a low-calorie diet. The primary outcome was fasting blood glucose (FBG) and endothelial markers including sera intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9). The secondary outcome was dietary intake, anthropometric indices, serum insulin and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and lipid profile.

Results: After 8 weeks, Taurine-supplemented patients had a considerable decrease in serum insulin and HOMA-IR compared to placebo group. However, Taurine supplementation did not improve other metabolic parameters including lipid profiles, glycated hemoglobin, and fasting blood glucose (FBG). There was a significant decline in MDA, TNF, and hs-CRP levels after these eight-week period of Taurine supplementation. In addition, the Taurine group had fewer serum levels of endothelial dysfunction markers than the placebo group.

Conclusions: The evidence from our study revealed that Taurine supplementation significantly reduced insulin and HOMA-IR, as well as oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial markers in individuals with T2DM. Trial registration The protocol of the study was recorded in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20180712040438N3).

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Endothelial markers; Glycemic control; Inflammation; Taurine.

Associated data

IRCT/IRCT20180712040438N3