Regulatory mechanisms of the green alga Ulva lactuca oligosaccharide via the metabolomics and gut microbiome in diabetic mice

Yihan Chen; Weihao Wu; Xiaoyu Ni; Mohamed A Farag; Esra Capanoglu; Chao Zhao

doi:10.1016/j.crfs.2022.07.003

Regulatory mechanisms of the green alga Ulva lactuca oligosaccharide via the metabolomics and gut microbiome in diabetic mice

Curr Res Food Sci. 2022 Jul 14:5:1127-1139. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.07.003. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Yihan Chen¹, Weihao Wu¹, Xiaoyu Ni¹, Mohamed A Farag², Esra Capanoglu³, Chao Zhao^{4

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Affiliations

¹ College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
² Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
³ Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
⁴ College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
⁵ Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
⁶ Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has emerged as one of the most acute public health diseases of the present time, which increases with the population ageing. This study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycaemic activity of Ulva lactuca oligosaccharide (ULO) under ageing-related diabetes conditions in an animal model. The results demonstrated that ULO can promote hypoglycaemia and delay senescence as mediated via GLP-1/GLP-1R pathway to mobilize the intercommunication between the brain and gut. In addition, twenty-six different metabolites and eight different bacteria were screened in the brain and the gut, respectively. A network relationship displayed that all-trans-retinoic acid has positive relationships with Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus, suggesting that plays a potential key role in maintaining the hypoglycaemic and anti-ageing activities of ULO. Based on these findings, ULO might be an efficient therapy for restoring blood glucose metabolism and delaying brain senescence in elderly T2D patients.

Keywords: Differential metabolite; Gut microbiota; Senescence; Type 2 diabetes; Ulva lactuca oligosaccharide.