Malignant Myoepithelioma of the Head and Neck: Demographics, Clinicopathological Characteristics, Treatment, and Prognosis

Jia-Qi Wang; Rong-Xin Deng; Hui Liu; Yuan Luo; Meng-Meng Lu; Zhi-Cheng Yang

doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.754967

Malignant Myoepithelioma of the Head and Neck: Demographics, Clinicopathological Characteristics, Treatment, and Prognosis

Front Oncol. 2022 Jun 30:12:754967. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.754967. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Jia-Qi Wang^{1

2}, Rong-Xin Deng^{1

2}, Hui Liu^{1

2}, Yuan Luo^{1

2}, Meng-Meng Lu^{1

2}, Zhi-Cheng Yang^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
² Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Malignant myoepithelioma of the head and neck (HNMM) is a rare malignancy, and its characteristics and survival rates have not been well-defined. This study aimed to define the epidemiology of HNMM and identify the prognostic factors associated with the disease. Data on all patients diagnosed with HNMM between 1991 and 2016 were gathered from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and prognoses of the patients were described. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the prognostic factors, and the prognostic nomograms for overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were constructed. A total of 333 cases of HNMM were identified. The average age at diagnosis was 60.6 years, and 50.1% of the patients were men. After diagnosis, 46.2% of patients underwent surgery alone, 43.5% of patients underwent surgery and radiotherapy, and 3.6% of patients received only radiotherapy. Survival analysis showed that the 5-year OS and DSS for all HNMM patients were 69.7 and 82.1%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis model, the undifferentiated pathological grade (P <0.05) and M1 in the M category (P <0.01) were independent prognostic factors for poor OS and DSS, whereas the use of surgical resection was an independent favorable prognostic factor for both OS and DSS (P <0.05). The prognostic nomograms for OS and DSS prediction were constructed; the C-index values for OS and DSS prediction were 0.78 (95% CI 0.70-0.86) and 0.79 (95% CI 0.67-0.90), respectively. In conclusion, this SEER data-based study demonstrated that HNMM patients often had a favorable prognosis, and distant metastasis, pathological grade, and the use of surgery contributed to their survival. Furthermore, we developed a prognostic nomogram to predict OS and DSS for HNMM patients to aid physicians in the clinical management of this rare disease.

Keywords: SEER database; head and neck cancer; malignant myoepithelioma; nomogram; overall survival.