Association between Allium vegetables and the risk of non-digestive tract cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies

Lei Guo; Xiaofan Yuan; Bo Yang; Guo Tang; Hanbai Liang; Fuqiang Guo

doi:10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100598

Association between Allium vegetables and the risk of non-digestive tract cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies

Cancer Treat Res Commun. 2022:32:100598. doi: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100598. Epub 2022 Jul 6.

Authors

Lei Guo¹, Xiaofan Yuan², Bo Yang³, Guo Tang⁴, Hanbai Liang¹, Fuqiang Guo⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
² The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
³ Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
⁴ Department of Emergency, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
⁵ Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. Electronic address: guofuqiang2005@126.com.

PMID: 35834908
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100598

Abstract

Purpose: To clarify the role of Allium vegetables in non-digestive tract cancer, we conducted this meta-analysis.

Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a meta-analysis of published studies assessing the associations between Allium vegetables and the risk of non-digestive tract cancer. We estimated the pooled odds ratio (OR) of non-digestive tract cancer for the highest and lowest Allium vegetable consumption using random-effects models. A dose-response regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between Allium vegetables and non-digestive tract cancer risk.

Results: In a pooled analysis of 25 studies (11 cohort and 14 case-control studies) on Allium vegetables, a total of 18,070 patients with non-digestive tract cancer were finally included. Integrated OR of non-digestive tract cancer was 0.86 [95% confidence interval (CI):0.80-0.93] for the highest versus the lowest Allium vegetable consumption for all studies, 0.78 (95% CI:0.69-0.90) for case-control studies and 0.94 (95%CI: 0.87-1.02) for cohort studies. Sensitivity analysis showed that the pooled effect was stable. No apparent publication bias was identified in this study; however, the cumulative meta-analysis suggested that studies conducted earlier (from 1994 to 1997) might be a source of heterogeneity. Dose-response regression model indicated that Allium vegetable consumption was associated with the risk of non-digestive tract cancer (P = 0.001 for non-linearity; P = 0.032 for linearity).

Conclusion: Higher Allium vegetable consumption could reduce the risk of non-digestive tract cancers, demonstrating the protective role of Allium vegetables.

Keywords: Allium vegetable; Epidemiology; Meta-analysis; Non-digestive tract cancer.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Review
Systematic Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Allium*
Case-Control Studies
Cohort Studies
Diet
Humans
Neoplasms*
Risk Factors
Vegetables