Health monitoring and related technologies are a rapidly growing area of research. To date, the electrocardiogram (ECG) remains a popular measurement tool in the evaluation and diagnosis of heart disease. The number of solutions involving ECG signal monitoring systems is growing exponentially in the literature. In this article, underestimated Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) algorithms are used, demonstrating the significant effect of concise representation parameters on improving the performance of the classification process. Cardiovascular disease classification models based on classical Machine Learning classifiers were defined and investigated. The study was undertaken on the recently published PTB-XL database, whose ECG signals were previously subjected to detailed analysis. The classification was realized for class 2, class 5, and class 15 cardiac diseases. A new method of detecting R-waves and, based on them, determining the location of QRS complexes was presented. Novel aggregation methods of ECG signal fragments containing QRS segments, necessary for tests for classical classifiers, were developed. As a result, it was proved that ECG signal subjected to algorithms of R wave detection, QRS complexes extraction, and resampling performs very well in classification using Decision Trees. The reason can be found in structuring the signal due to the actions mentioned above. The implementation of classification issues achieved the highest Accuracy of 90.4% in recognition of 2 classes, as compared to less than 78% for 5 classes and 71% for 15 classes.
Keywords: Dictionary Learning; ECG signal; Gabor dictionary; KSVD; Machine Learning; PTB-XL database; classification; orthogonal matching pursuit.