Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be caused by many conditions. The most common reasons are diabetic nephropathy, hypertension - associated nephropathy, cardiovascular disease. Although there are different reasons of deterioration of kidney function, many of them have combined molecular mechanisms by modulating metabolic homeostasis, autophagy, apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation. The aim of this paper is to present known molecular bases of CKD development in the course of other selected diseases to research why different patients are more prone to the CKD than others with the same condition. Selected aspects of genetic conditions were conducted, such as gene polymorphism of sirtuins, APOL1 gene polymorphism, the role of reactive oxygen species. More research is needed to understand the genetics of CKD and its' affecting the process of diagnostics and treatment.
Keywords: APOL1 gene polymorphism; SNP; chronic kidney disease; diabetic nephropathy; non–diabetic nephropathy; polymorphism of sirtuins.
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