Development of the Individual and Environmental Resilience Model among children, adolescents and young adults using the empirical evidence: An integrative systematic review

Maria Llistosella; Pere Castellvi; Joaquín T Limonero; Carmen Pérez-Ventana Ortiz; Carolina Baeza-Velasco; Teresa Gutiérrez-Rosado

doi:10.1111/hsc.13899

Development of the Individual and Environmental Resilience Model among children, adolescents and young adults using the empirical evidence: An integrative systematic review

Health Soc Care Community. 2022 Nov;30(6):e3277-e3299. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13899. Epub 2022 Jul 6.

Authors

Maria Llistosella^{1

2}, Pere Castellvi³, Joaquín T Limonero⁴, Carmen Pérez-Ventana Ortiz¹, Carolina Baeza-Velasco^{5

6}, Teresa Gutiérrez-Rosado⁷

Affiliations

¹ Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa (CST), Center of Primary Health Care Terrassa Nord, Terrassa, Spain.
² Department of Nursing, Universitat International de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain.
³ School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain.
⁴ Stress and Health Research Group (GIES), Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
⁵ Université de Paris, Boulogne Billancourt, France.
⁶ Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
⁷ Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University Autònoma of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

PMID: 35794078
DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13899

Abstract

To create a new conceptual model of resilience based on evidence, this integrative systematic review aims to identify the evidence-based protective factors related to resilience among children, adolescents and young adults at-risk of several exposures. An Integrative Systematic review was conducted by using systematic principles according to PRISMA statement. Searching strategy was conducted through MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science (ISI) and PsycINFO during July 2021(1991-2021). Keywords were related to resilience, self-esteem, hardiness, ego-resilience, risk factors, vulnerability, protective factors, ecological model and theoretical model. Those statiscally significant protective factors found in individual studies conducted with young populations (from 7 to 24 years old) exposed to violence, trauma or socio-economic instability were included in the qualitative synthesis. Of 15,235 peer-reviewed articles initially identified, 93 articles were screened and met the inclusion criteria; finally, 31 articles were included for the quality synthesis. More than 60 protective factors were found. They were classified in 10 different domains and two dimensions of resilience (Individual skills and Environmental), developing a new model of resilience: The Individual and Environmental Resilience Model (IERM). The Environmental dimension includes the domains: Family, School, Peers, Cultural and Community and The Individual skills dimension: Biological, Behaviour, Communications, Cognitive and Emotional domains. These domains and their specific protective factors have been set up as protective factors that significantly buffer negative outcomes in the face of adverse events. Compared with other models currently available, the new IERM model is potentially a more comprehensive approach that may facilitate the development of effective interventions to promote resilience in children, adolescents and young adults.

Keywords: adolescent; integrative systematic reviews; people at risk; protective factors; resilience.

Publication types

Systematic Review
Review

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Adult
Child
Humans
Models, Theoretical
Resilience, Psychological*
Schools
Self Concept
Young Adult