Drugs may induce hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation (HBV-R). Here we have reviewed the definition and harm of HBV-R, the risk drugs and their underlying mechanism, the influence factors, as well as the early intervention measures. It is shown that multiple drugs, including chemotherapy drugs, immunotherapy drugs, directly acting antivirals, cell therapy, etc., can induce HBV-R by affecting host immunity or directly activating HBV transcription factors. HBV-R could cause severe liver damage, even interruption of treatment of original diseases, affecting the prognosis of patients. Through precisely identifying risk drugs, monitoring the influence factors, and prescribing preventive anti-HBV regimen if necessary, the incidence of HBV-R can be significantly reduced. It is also suggested that clinical physicians should not only pay attention to the early identification and intervention of HBV-R, but also further study the mechanism of HBV-R in depth, especially the underlying mechanism between host, HBV and risk factors. This will help to promote the discovery of more valuable markers for risk prediction and targets for early intervention, and to further reduce the risk of HBV-R and improve the prognosis of patients.
药物可能诱发乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）再激活（HBV-R）。本文回顾了HBV-R的定义与危害、HBV-R的诱发药物及其作用机制和影响因素、HBV-R的早期干预措施等。经分析表明，化疗药物、免疫治疗药物、直接抗病毒药物、细胞治疗等可以通过影响免疫或者直接激活HBV转录因子等诱发HBV-R，进而引起肝脏严重受损和导致基础疾病治疗中断，影响患者预后。通过风险识别、监测和预防性抗HBV治疗等干预可显著降低HBV-R的发生。本文进一步分析提示，临床不仅需要继续重视HBV-R的风险识别和早期干预，还需要深入研究HBV-R的机制，特别是宿主、HBV、诱发因素之间的相互作用机制，以便找到更关键的风险预警标志物和干预靶点，进一步降低HBV-R发生风险，改善患者预后。.
Keywords: Chemotherapy; Drugs; Hepatitis B virus; Immunosuppression; Reactivation.