Prospect of acute hepatitis E virus outbreak in the context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Africa: A contingency plan

Oluyemisi Adekunbi; Olivier Uwishema; Irem Adanur; Helen Onyeaka

doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104084

Prospect of acute hepatitis E virus outbreak in the context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Africa: A contingency plan

Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Jul:79:104084. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104084. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Authors

Oluyemisi Adekunbi^{1

2}, Olivier Uwishema^{1

3

4}, Irem Adanur^{1

4}, Helen Onyeaka⁵

Affiliations

¹ Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda.
² Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
³ Clinton Global Initiative University, New York, USA.
⁴ Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
⁵ School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B152TT, UK.

Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the primary cause of acute viral hepatitis in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It is transmitted by oral-faecal route via contaminated water or animal products, which is more pronounced in SSA, where inadequate hygiene measures, low socioeconomic situation, and frail healthcare system increase HEV susceptibility. During the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), numerous initiatives concerning viral hepatitis relief in SSA are implemented. However, national programs do not support most services and are neglected when national and local attention rests on the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, during the COVID-19 pandemic, hepatitis E prevention and control programs were affected in low-income countries due to economic losses. Therefore, an interdisciplinary approach should be adopted to mitigate HEV infections during COVID-19.

Keywords: Africa; COVID-19; Hepatitis E; Low-income countries; Sub-Saharan Africa; Virology.