Review: The Development of Risk Factors and Cytokines in Retinal Vein Occlusion

Yi Tang; Yan Cheng; Shuo Wang; Yongjie Wang; Pengjia Liu; Hong Wu

doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.910600

Review: The Development of Risk Factors and Cytokines in Retinal Vein Occlusion

Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Jun 15:9:910600. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.910600. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Yi Tang¹, Yan Cheng¹, Shuo Wang¹, Yongjie Wang², Pengjia Liu³, Hong Wu¹

Affiliations

¹ Eye Center of Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
² Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
³ Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.

Abstract

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the second most prevalent retinal disease. Despite this, the pathogenic mechanisms and risk factors are not entirely clear. In this article, we review recent publications on the classification, pathogenesis, risk factors, ischemic changes, cytokines, and vital complications of RVO. Risk factors and cytokines are important for exploring the mechanisms and new treatment targets. Furthermore, risk factors are interrelated, making RVO mechanisms more complex. Cytokines act as powerful mediators of pathological conditions, such as inflammation, neovascularization, and macular edema. This review aims to summarize the updated knowledge on risk factors, cytokines of RVO and signaling in order to provide valuable insight on managing the disease.

Keywords: VEGF; cytokines; ischemic-CRVO; neovascular glaucoma; risk factors.

Publication types

Review