High intensity interval training and molecular adaptive response of skeletal muscle

Ferenc Torma; Zoltan Gombos; Matyas Jokai; Masaki Takeda; Tatsuya Mimura; Zsolt Radak

doi:10.1016/j.smhs.2019.08.003

High intensity interval training and molecular adaptive response of skeletal muscle

Sports Med Health Sci. 2019 Sep 11;1(1):24-32. doi: 10.1016/j.smhs.2019.08.003. eCollection 2019 Dec.

Authors

Ferenc Torma¹, Zoltan Gombos¹, Matyas Jokai¹, Masaki Takeda², Tatsuya Mimura³, Zsolt Radak¹

Affiliations

¹ Research Center of Molecular Exercise Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary.
² Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan.
³ Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Osaka Sangyo University, Osaka, Japan.

Abstract

Increased cardiovascular fitness, $\dot{V}$ O_2max, is associated with enhanced endurance capacity and a decreased rate of mortality. High intensity interval training (HIIT) is one of the best methods to increase $\dot{V}$ O_2max and endurance capacity for top athletes and for the general public as well. Because of the high intensity of this type of training, the adaptive response is not restricted to Type I fibers, as found for moderate intensity exercise of long duration. Even with a short exercise duration, HIIT can induce activation of AMPK, PGC-1α, SIRT1 and ROS pathway as well as by the modulation of Ca²⁺ homeostasis, leading to enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, and angiogenesis. The present review summarizes the current knowledge of the adaptive response of HIIT.

Keywords: Cellular adaptation; High intensity interval training; Maximal oxygen uptake; Mitochondrial biogenesis; Molecular pathways; Redox signaling.

Publication types

Review