Emerging prospects of microbial production of omega fatty acids: Recent updates

Anil Kumar Patel; Ajeet Singh Chauhan; Prashant Kumar; Philippe Michaud; Vijai Kumar Gupta; Jo-Shu Chang; Chiu-Wen Chen; Cheng-Di Dong; Reeta Rani Singhania

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127534

Emerging prospects of microbial production of omega fatty acids: Recent updates

Bioresour Technol. 2022 Sep:360:127534. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127534. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Authors

Anil Kumar Patel¹, Ajeet Singh Chauhan², Prashant Kumar², Philippe Michaud³, Vijai Kumar Gupta⁴, Jo-Shu Chang⁵, Chiu-Wen Chen⁶, Cheng-Di Dong⁷, Reeta Rani Singhania¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India.
² Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.
³ Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institute Pascal, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
⁴ Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
⁵ Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.
⁶ Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.
⁷ Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan. Electronic address: cddong@nkust.edu.tw.

PMID: 35777644
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127534

Abstract

Healthy foods containing omega-3/omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been in great demand because of their unique dietary and health properties. Reduction in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases has shown their therapeutic and health-promoting effects when consumed under recommended ratio 1:1-1:4, however imbalanced ratios (>1:4, high omega-6) enhance these risks. The importance of omega-6 is apparent however microbial production favors larger production of omega-3. Current research focus is prerequisite to designing omega-6 production strategies for better application prospects, for which thraustochytrids could be promising due to higher lipid productivity. This review provides recent updates on essential fatty acids production from potential microbes and their application, especially major insights on omega research, also discussed the novel possible strategies to promote omega-3 and omega-6 accumulation via engineering and omics approaches. It covers strategies to block the conversion of omega-6 into omega-3 by enzyme inhibition, nanoparticle-mediated regulation and/or metabolic flux regulation, etc.

Keywords: Lipid; Microalgae; Omega fatty acids; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Thraustochytrids.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Fatty Acids
Fatty Acids, Omega-3* / metabolism
Stramenopiles* / metabolism

Substances

Fatty Acids
Fatty Acids, Omega-3