Evaluation of dural channels in the human parasagittal dural space and dura mater

Abstract

Here, we report the existence of dural channels in the parasagittal dural space and dura mater in humans. Microscopic mapping was performed to observe dural channels and arachnoid granulations in the whole dural tissue of nine individuals, and ultrastructural examinations and 3D micro-CT were used for further identification. The dural channels were concentrated along the parasagittal dural space regardless of the distribution of arachnoid granulations. Microscopically, they varied in size, presenting as distorted round-shaped empty spaces resembling mature fat vacuoles without subcellular structures. We found them to be lacking in the expression of lymphatic and vascular markers. 3D micro-CT revealed Swiss-cheese-like structured empty spaces connected to each other. Our findings show that dural channels are part of the anatomical structure of the parasagittal dural and space and dura mater. Although they are not the meningeal lymphatic vessels themselves, dural channels may serve as a reservoir of cerebrospinal fluid drainage.

Keywords: Brain; Cerebrospinal fluid; Dura Mater; Glymphatics; Pathology.