Biochemical, dielectric and surface characteristics of freeze-dried bovine colostrum whey powder

Rahul Mehra; Shiv Kumar; Rajat Singh; Naveen Kumar; Deepshikha Rathore; Gulzar Ahmad Nayik; Nadiyah M Alabdallah; António Monteiro; Raquel F F Guiné; Harish Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100364

Biochemical, dielectric and surface characteristics of freeze-dried bovine colostrum whey powder

Food Chem X. 2022 Jun 18:15:100364. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100364. eCollection 2022 Oct 30.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India.
² Food Science & Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Deemed to be University, Mullana, Ambala 133207, India.
³ Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India.
⁴ Department of Food Science & Technology, Govt. Degree College Shopian-192303, J&K, India.
⁵ Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO Box-1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ CERNAS Research Centre, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Campus Politécnico, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal.

Abstract

Colostrum samples of recently registered cow breed "Himachali Pahari" were assorted from high altitude zone (901-2200 m). Prepared bovine colostrum whey powder (BCWP) was analysed for chemical composition, amino acids, minerals, surface morphology (SEM-EDS), FTIR and dielectric properties. Results showed that freeze-dried BCWP contained a considerable amount of nutritional parameters viz IgG (18.55 g/100 g), protein (71.72 g/100 g) and total amino acids (69.64 g/100 g). Additionally, the concentration of essential minerals was found to be adequate, and there was no presence of heavy metals. The BCWP exhibits good dielectric properties (resistance ∼57 M-Ω). SEM-EDS showed the broken up-wards layer structure with the uniform distribution of minerals on the surface. The FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of a higher proportion of β-sheets and β-turn structures in BCWP. Thus, on account of good functional and nutritive properties, BCWP could be foreseen as the future of functional food.

Keywords: AAs, Amino acids; ASL, Above sea level; Amino acids; BC, Bovine colostrum; BCWP, Bovine colostrum whey powder; Bovine colostrum; DPs, Dielectric properties; Dielectric property; EDS, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy; FTIR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Freeze-dried whey powder; Igs, Immunoglobins; Micronutrients; SEM, Scanning electron microscopy; Surface morphology; WP, Whey powder.