Predictive Value of Laryngeal Mucosa Pepsin in Therapeutic Response of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux

Cai-Peng Liu; Ai-Yun Jiang; Fang Chen; Jian Wu; Shu-Yue Wang; Lei Cao; Tao Liao; Yi-Qing Zheng

doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.05.013

Predictive Value of Laryngeal Mucosa Pepsin in Therapeutic Response of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux

J Voice. 2022 Jun 24:S0892-1997(22)00146-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.05.013. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Cai-Peng Liu¹, Ai-Yun Jiang², Fang Chen¹, Jian Wu¹, Shu-Yue Wang¹, Lei Cao¹, Tao Liao¹, Yi-Qing Zheng³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
² Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
³ Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: zhengyiq@mail.sysu.edu.cn.

PMID: 35760633
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.05.013

Abstract

Objectives/hypothesis: To investigate the predictive capability of pepsin level in the laryngeal mucosa to the therapeutic effect of proton-pump inhibitors in patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), so as to verify whether it can be referred to as a biomarker of LPR.

Study design: Prospective case study.

Methods: Sixty patients with clinical empiric LPR were enrolled, with an reflux symptom index (RSI) ≥ 13 and an reflux finding score (RFS) > 7 as screening criteria. Biopsy specimens from the interarytenoid mucosa were obtained under topical anesthesia for pepsin immunohistochemical staining. Two parameters were observed in these patients with different pepsin levels after the administration of esomeprazole for 12 weeks: the RSI and the RFS.

Results: Among the 60 cases, 35 cases were negative or weakly positive for pepsin (Pepsin(-) group), and 25 cases were moderately positive or strongly positive for pepsin (Pepsin(+) group). After therapy, the RSI significantly decreased from 17.00 (15.00, 19.00) to 6.00 (5.00, 11.00) in the Pepsin(+) group (Z = -4.38, P < 0.01), but no difference was found in the RFS (T = 1.48, P > 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the RSI (T = 2.01, P > 0.05) or the RFS (T = 2.01, P > 0.05) in the Pepsin(-) group either before or after therapy. An improvement in the RSI ≥ 50% was taken as the standard of effective therapy. The effective rate in the Pepsin(+) group was 72.0% (18/25), while it was 14.3% (5/35) in the Pepsin(-) group. There was a significant difference in the effective rate between the two groups (χ² = 20.55, P < 0.01).

Conclusions: Proton-pump inhibitors exhibited better effects in patients with higher pepsin levels in the laryngeal mucosa. Laryngeal mucosa pepsin may serve as an ideal indicator to screen patients suitable for proton-pump inhibitor therapy and a reliable biomarker to identify patients with LPR.

Keywords: Laryngopharyngeal reflux; PPI therapy; Pepsin; Predictive value; Proton-pump inhibitor.