Background and aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapy on the clinical outcomes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods: We searched multiple electronic databases from database inception to June 14, 2021. Meta-analyses were performed separately for HCC recurrence and overall survival (OS).
Results: A total of 23 studies were identified for the primary analysis. Compared with no intervention, pooled data showed significant benefit from DAAs therapy in reducing recurrence (adjusted HR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.41-0.74, P < 0.001; I2 = 66.6%, P < 0.001) and improving OS (adjusted HR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.16-0.83, P = 0.017; I2 = 90.7%, P < 0.001) of HCV-related HCC patients. Compared with non-responders, patients with sustained virologic response (SVR) had greater benefit from DAAs therapy in reducing recurrence (HR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.16-0.84, P = 0.017; I2 = 58.8%, P = 0.088) and improving OS (HR = 0.17; 95% CI 0.06-0.50; P = 0.001; I2 = 56.4%, P = 0.130). Though DAAs did not show significant advantages over IFN in reducing recurrence (adjusted HR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.72-1.28, P = 0.784; I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.805), there seems to be a trend toward OS benefit from DAAs therapy (adjusted HR = 0.11, 95% CI 0.01-1.19, P = 0.059).
Conclusion: DAAs therapy can prevent recurrence and improve OS of HCV-related HCC patients, especially for patients with SVR. Further prospective randomized controlled trial is warranted to validate these results.
Keywords: direct-acting antivirals; hepatitis C virus; hepatocellular carcinoma; overall survival; recurrence.
© 2022 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.