Background: Despite the high prevalence of acute appendicitis in children and substantial resource utilization associated with this condition, no consensus has been reached on optimal timing for performing appendectomies. The aim of this study was to examine the association between time to appendectomy and outcomes and assess the feasibility of delayed appendectomy in children. Patients and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients younger than 14 years of age undergoing an appendectomy for suspected appendicitis. We divided our patients into two groups based on whether their time to appendectomy was shorter or longer than eight hours: group A, early appendectomy and group B, delayed appendectomy. Then we compared the two study groups regarding demographic, clinical, and radiographic characteristics, peri-operative data, and outcomes. Results: During the eight-year study period, a total of 1,141 patients underwent appendectomies. After applying exclusion criteria, 852 children were included: 544 (63.8%) in group A and 308 (36.2%) in group B. There were no differences in the rate of complicated appendicitis at exploration, post-operative complications, length of post-operative hospital stay, and 30-day re-admission rate between the two study groups. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that delaying appendectomy within 24 hours of presentation is safe and feasible for pediatric acute appendicitis. Therefore, patients presenting during nighttime hours could be initially treated conservatively with antibiotic agents. This allows the surgeon to delay surgery to the following day.
Keywords: acute appendicitis; appendectomy; children; time to surgery.