Objective: Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) is a range of disorders characterized by placenta adherence to uterine myometrium. The pathologic nomenclature of PAS has varied. In 2020, a consensus panel proposed a system which would parallel the antenatal grading. Our goal was to assess if greater PAS associated morbidity correlated with increasing histopathological grades in this novel system for confirmed cases of PAS.
Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed of 125 singleton, non-anomalous pregnancies complicated by PAS at the University of Texas Health San Antonio Placenta Accreta program from 2005 to 2020. PAS cases confirmed after cesarean hysterectomy were classified by the new system and outcomes were analyzed including Kaplan-Meier analysis of gestational age at delivery by new pathology categorization.
Results: Antepartum admission, length of stay and episodes of vaginal bleeding correlated with increasing grades of PAS. In addition, increased PAS grades were associated with deliveries at earlier gestational age and surgical outcomes including operative time, blood loss, ICU admission and post-operative length of stay.
Conclusions: The grading system proposed by the 2020 consensus panel correlates with antepartum, intra-operative and postoperative outcomes in cases of PAS cesarean hysterectomy and should be implemented for uniformity of reporting.
Keywords: Placenta accreta; abnormal placentation; cesarean hysterectomy.