A Comprehensive Review on Journey of Pyrrole Scaffold Against Multiple Therapeutic Targets

Abstract

Heterocyclic compounds are that type of substances that are deeply intertwined with biological processes. Heterocycles are found in about 90% of commercially available medicines. In medicinal chemistry, finding new synthetic molecules with drug-like characteristics is a regular problem, which triggered the development of pharmacological molecules, the majority of which are based on N-heterocyclic motifs. Among the heterocycles, the pyrrole scaffold is the most commonly found heterocycle in both natural and synthetic bioactive compounds. Pyrrole has a fivemembered heterocyclic ring with a plethora of pharmacophores, resulting in a library of different lead compounds. Pyrrole derivatives are physiologically active heterocyclic compounds that can be used as scaffolds for antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, antitubercular, anti-inflammatory, and as enzyme inhibitors. On account of their extensive pharmacological profile, pyrrole and its various synthetic derivatives have drawn much attention from researchers to explore it for the benefit of humankind. This review presents an overview of recent developments in the pyrrole derivatives against multiple therapeutic targets.

Keywords: Pyrrole; drug discovery; heterocyclic compounds; pharmacological activities; pharmacophore; therapeutic targets.