Association between the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis and surgical site infection after orthognathic surgery in Japan

Shigeo Ishikawa; Keita Morikane; Tsuneo Konta; Shohei Ueda; Kazuyuki Yusa; Naoki Okuyama; Satoshi Kasuya; Shunsuke Kunii; Nagiko Suzuki; Moe Eguch; Kaori Maehara; Mitsuyoshi Iino

doi:10.1016/j.jormas.2022.06.009

Association between the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis and surgical site infection after orthognathic surgery in Japan

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 Nov;123(6):e936-e939. doi: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.06.009. Epub 2022 Jun 11.

Authors

Shigeo Ishikawa¹, Keita Morikane², Tsuneo Konta³, Shohei Ueda⁴, Kazuyuki Yusa⁴, Naoki Okuyama⁴, Satoshi Kasuya⁴, Shunsuke Kunii⁴, Nagiko Suzuki⁴, Moe Eguch⁴, Kaori Maehara⁴, Mitsuyoshi Iino⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan. Electronic address: shigeo_ishikawa2011@yahoo.co.jp.
² Division of Clinical Laboratory and Infection Control, Yamagata University Hospital, Yamagata, Japan.
³ Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Yamagata University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 9909585, Japan.
⁴ Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan.

PMID: 35697252
DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.06.009

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) after orthognathic surgery, focusing on the duration of prophylactic antibiotic administration in Japan.

Study design: The study included 181 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Yamagata University Hospital between 2012 and 2021. The clinical parameters of SSI were retrospectively investigated using patient charts. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk factors for SSI after orthognathic surgery.

Results: Nineteen patients (10.5%) were complicated with SSI. Male sex (OR, 3.638; 95% CI, 1.316-10.058) and an antibiotic prophylaxis duration ≤3 days (OR, 12.718; 95% CI, 1.639-98.673) were independent risk factors for SSI after orthognathic surgery.

Conclusion: Extended-term antibiotic prophylaxis was more effective for prevention of SSI after orthognathic surgery than short-term in this study.

Keywords: Antibiotic prophylaxis; Orthognathic surgery; Retrospective study; Surgical site infection.

MeSH terms

Antibiotic Prophylaxis* / adverse effects
Humans
Japan / epidemiology
Male
Orthognathic Surgery*
Retrospective Studies
Surgical Wound Infection / epidemiology
Surgical Wound Infection / etiology
Surgical Wound Infection / prevention & control