Efficacy of Self-Made Hewei Decoction for Chronic Atrophic Gastritis and Its Effect on Gastrin and Pepsinogen Expression Levels

Abstract

We aim to investigate the therapeutic effect of self-made Hewei decoction based on the differences-in-differences (DID) model for treating chronic atrophic gastritis and its effect on the gastrin and pepsinogen expression. A total of 166 chronic atrophic gastritis patients treated in our hospital from January 2019 to September 2020 were recruited and randomly assigned to a treatment group and a control group (n = 83 per group). In the control group, patients were given conventional western medicine. In the treatment group, patients were administered self-made Hewei decoction besides conventional western medicine. The general data, total effective rate, and histological changes before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. The DID model was utilized to compare the changes in three items of gastric function and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores at various time points (before treatment and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment) between the two groups. In the treatment group, 5 cases were lost to follow-up, and 78 cases remained. In the control group, 4 cases were lost to follow-up, and 79 cases remained. The total effective rate in the treatment group (93.59%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (82.28%) (P < 0.05). The histological score was not significantly different between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05). The histological score at 12 months after treatment was lower than those before treatment in the two groups (P < 0.05). The histological score was lower in the treatment group than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the TCM syndrome score and PGR17 level were lower in the treatment group than those in the control group at each time point (P < 0.05). PGI and PGII levels were higher in the treatment group than those in the control group at each time point (P < 0.05). DID regression model showed that TCM syndrome score and PGR17 level decreased by 106.2% and 65.8%, respectively, after treatment in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (P < 0.05), but the treatment mode was opposite to the overall therapeutic effect in terms of time. The PGI and PGII levels increased by 102.9% and 97.8%, respectively, in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (P < 0.05), and the treatment mode was the same as the overall therapeutic effect in terms of time. There was no significant difference in the therapeutic effect between the two groups at 1 month after treatment. A significant difference in the therapeutic effect was detected between the two groups at 3 months after treatment, and the difference showed a decreasing trend after 6 months after treatment. Self-made Hewei decoction can improve the histological alterations in chronic atrophic gastritis, relieve clinical symptoms, and ameliorate the expression levels of three items of gastric function.