Editorial Commentary: The Indication and Technique of Iliotibial Band Release for External Snapping Hip During Hip Arthroscopy in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome

Abstract

Patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) often have extra-articular disorders, such as external snapping hip (ESH). We recommend that obvious ESH be addressed by endoscopic transversal iliotibial band (ITB) release during hip arthroscopy for FAIS because the residual serious snapping caused by ESH negatively affects the outcome of hip arthroscopy. However, for mild ESH without indications for severe trochanteric bursitis on magnetic resonance imaging, we still propose that physical therapy, extracorporeal shock wave therapy, or local injection be performed for pain relief. Surgical interventions for ESH including the Z-plasty technique and the modified Z-plasty technique for lengthening the ITB, as well as endoscopic cruciate or transversal incision in the ITB for release, have been reported with good results. Every technique has advantages and disadvantages, and we believe that surgeons should perform ITB release for ESH at the time of hip arthroscopy for FAIS based on their personal experience and inclination. In any case, excessive release of the ITB should be avoided. Finally, we wish to propose that more attention should be paid to the peri-greater trochanter (GT) space, an anatomic space between the ITB and the GT, which is similar to the subacromial space in the shoulder joint. Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS), related to the peri-GT space, is a spectrum of disorders, including trochanteric bursitis, abductor tendon pathology, and ESH. Precise diagnosis and proper procedures for concurrent GTPS during surgery may improve the outcome of arthroscopy in patients with both FAIS and GTPS.