Obese patients with long COVID-19 display abnormal hyperventilatory response and impaired gas exchange at peak exercise

Future Cardiol. 2022 Jul;18(7):577-584. doi: 10.2217/fca-2022-0017. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Abstract

Aim: To analyze the impact of obesity on cardiopulmonary response to exercise in people with chronic post-COVID-19 syndrome. Patients & methods: Consecutive subjects with chronic post-COVID syndrome 6 months after nonsevere acute infection were included. All patients received a complete clinical evaluation, lung function tests and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. A total of 51 consecutive patients diagnosed with chronic post-COVID-19 were enrolled in this study. Results: More than half of patients with chronic post-COVID-19 had a significant alteration in aerobic exercise capacity (VO2peak) 6 months after hospital discharge. Obese long-COVID-19 patients also displayed a marked reduction of oxygen pulse (O2pulse). Conclusion: Obese patients were more prone to have pathological pulmonary limitation and pulmonary gas exchange impairment to exercise compared with nonobese COVID-19 patients.

Keywords: aerobic capacity (VO2); chronic post-COVID-19 syndrome; hyperventilation; obesity; oxygen pulse; pulse oxymetry.

Plain language summary

In this study, the cardiopulmonary response to exercise in people with chronic post-COVID-19 syndrome was analyzed. More than half of patients diagnosed with chronic post-COVID-19 had reduced exercise capacity 6 months after hospital discharge. In addition, patients with chronic post-COVID-19 syndrome who were overweight or obese displayed exaggerated hyperventilation along with an impairment of oxygenation at peak exercise.

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19* / complications
  • Exercise / physiology
  • Exercise Test
  • Exercise Tolerance / physiology
  • Humans
  • Obesity / complications
  • Oxygen Consumption / physiology
  • Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome