Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) is defined as bleeding proximal to the ligament of Treitz in the absence of varices. As a common clinical problem, NVUGIB entails a heavy burden on the healthcare system. In addition to endoscopic hemostasis, evaluation and treatment before and after endoscopy are also of critical importance for the clinical management of NVUGIB patients. In recent years, based on the rapid development of endoscopic technology and clinical management of NVUGIB, the research evidence and clinical guidelines have been updated internationally, while some clinical decisions remain controversial. In this article, we mainly reviewed and discussed the current status of NVUGIB patient management before, during, and after endoscopy, aiming to deepen the understanding of the disease for clinicians, and to promote standardized management of patients with NVUGIB.
非静脉曲张上消化道出血（non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding, NVUGIB）是指屈氏韧带以上消化道发生的非静脉曲张原因造成的出血。这类临床常见的疾病给医疗卫生系统带来沉重的负担。除内镜下止血外，内镜前、内镜后的评估和治疗也是NVUGIB患者临床管理的关键。近年来内镜技术和临床管理不断完善，相关临床诊疗的国际研究和指南已经更新，但部分临床决策的争议仍然存在。本文主要对NVUGIB患者的内镜诊疗前、中、后的管理现状进行回顾和讨论，旨在加深临床医生对该疾病的认识，助益NVUGIB患者的规范化管理。
Keywords: Endoscopic hemostatic; Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding; Proton pump inhibitor (PPI); Risk assessment.
Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).