Structure and Performance of NaxMn0.85Al0.1Fe0.05O2 (0.7 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) Composite Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Qiyao Zou; Congping Xu; Jie Zhang; Dawei Wang; Huixin Chen; Guiming Zhong; Canzhong Lu; Zhangquan Peng

doi:10.1021/acsami.2c03115

Structure and Performance of Na_xMn_0.85Al_0.1Fe_0.05O₂ (0.7 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) Composite Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2022 Jun 8;14(22):25348-25356. doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c03115. Epub 2022 May 31.

Authors

Qiyao Zou^{1

2

3}, Congping Xu^{1

2

4}, Jie Zhang⁵, Dawei Wang⁶, Huixin Chen^{1

2}, Guiming Zhong^{1

2

5}, Canzhong Lu^{1

2

3}, Zhangquan Peng^{3

5}

Affiliations

¹ CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
² Xiamen Institute of Rare-earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China.
³ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
⁴ Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
⁵ Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.
⁶ Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130025, Jilin, China.

PMID: 35638586
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03115

Abstract

P2 and O3 structures are two important sodium manganese oxide phases for sodium-ion batteries; however, encounter Na-deficient and poor rate performance, respectively. Herein, a systematic study of Na_xMn_0.85Al_0.1Fe_0.05O₂ (0.7 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) materials is performed by employing solid-state NMR, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical analysis, to provide an in-depth understanding on the structure and the correlated performance for the rational design. The interlayer spacing of α-NaMnO₂ broadens, and the content of distorted O3 structures (α- and β-NaMnO₂) increases with raising Na content. It is exhibited that the NaMn_0.85Al_0.1Fe_0.05O₂ composite material presents better rate and cycling performance than P2-type Na_0.7Mn_0.85Al_0.1Fe_0.05O₂, delivering a capacity of 87 mAh g^-1 at 5 C. Significantly, the determinants of performance are further discussed, which reveal that diffusion coefficient is probably not the decisive factor restricts the rate performance of O3 and composite materials. The phase transition relaxation and the interfacial charge transfer resistance should be seriously addressed for further improvement.

Keywords: phase change; sodium manganese oxide; sodium-ion batteries; solid-state NMR; structure and performance.